Wednesday, March 31, 2010

Poll: Early numbers suggest Obama could be in tight race for reelection in 2012

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President Obama’s popularity with the electorate continues to teeter between slightly positive or marginally negative approval ratings. Cumulatively his landmark health care reform bill has attracted a more positive public response since it was passed a week and a half ago, yet it is still viewed negatively by pluralities – sometimes majorities – of Americans.

Turning our attention away from the ongoing health care debate for a moment however some interesting March polling sizes up the President’s chances of reelection. While any polling on a topic that doesn’t come about for another year and half has to be labeled as preliminary, at best, a few surveys have tackled the subject head on.

Obama’s challenging first fourteen months in office is reflected in a recent CNN / Opinion Research poll. 935-registered voters nationwide were asked who they would vote for if the upcoming 2012 election were being held today. President Obama attracted 47% of the vote with a generic Republican candidate in the slight lead at 48%. Four-percent of Americans claimed to be supporting a candidate from neither major party and in something of surprise almost no one (1%) placed themselves in the undecided column.

A larger poll of 1,907 registered voters conducted by Quinnipiac just prior to the passage of health care legislation found a similar result. 40% favored Obama and 41% a Republican challenger. Allowing for greater nuance the Quinnipiac poll found that 9% of voters would base their decision on the specific Republican candidate and another 9% remain uncertain. One decidedly negative area for the President was the survey response as to whether Obama deserves to be reelected. Just 40% say he deserves to remain in office past 2012 against 48% who disagree. Another 11% are unsure.

Of course should Obama receive the expected Democratic nomination for President in 2012 he won’t be running against a party but rather a specific candidate. Although none as yet have announced their intentions to run for President there is any number of assumed would-be Republicans setting their sights on the White House. For that research we turn to three polls taken between March 10-20th; Public Policy Polling, Harris Interactive and the Clarus Research Group.

The Clarus Research Group survey of 1,050 registered voters shows the President leading all five prospective GOP candidates and four of the five by comfortable, for now, margins. The exception is against former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney where Obama’s lead is a modest 45-41%. Romney is widely viewed as the current frontrunner in a stable of several legitimate Republican possibilities for 2012. His success in other polling, both against Obama and other GOP candidates, points to this fact. Elsewhere in the Clarus survey however the current President does fairly well. Obama leads former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee 47-39%, former Florida Governor Jeb Bush 49-37% and former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich 48-36%. Former Alaskan Governor and 2008 Vice Presidential candidate Sarah Palin trails Obama by a wide 52-34% margin.

As is usually the case President Obama does best when polling samples are expanded to include all adults. This is the case with the Harris Interactive survey of over 2,300 adults nationwide. Obama leads Mitt Romney by a 46-39% margin in this instance although his lead against Sarah Palin, while still large, is a slightly less commanding 52-35%.

Returning our focus to registered voter sampling the latest from Public Policy Polling has the most negative figures for the President to date. PPP shows Obama tied at 44% with Romney, with a slight lead of 46-44% on Huckabee and a far more modest 49-41% advantage over Palin. Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels, who may be viewed as something of a dark horse candidate at this stage, is also included and shown to be trailing the President by a margin of 45-34%. Last month PPP also showed lesser known South Dakota junior Senator John Thune well behind the President to the tune of 46-28%.

Whether or not polling such as this ought to be taken seriously seven months before a crucial midterm and some 31-months prior to the next Presidential election is debatable. With the passage of sweeping health care legislation and immediate public reaction dominating the headlines currently it may also not be the best time to test the waters of a near boiling electorate. Still there are reasons for both comfort and concern for President Obama as the inevitable battle to replace him in 2012 gets underway.


PHOTO CREDIT: ASSOCIATED PRESS / ALEX BRANDON

Monday, March 29, 2010

Analysis: Thirteen states that have come to define the trends of recent Presidential elections

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It is more than thirty months away and an important midterm election stands in between. Yet it’s a safe bet that members of the Democratic and Republican parties are already sizing up the likely electorate for 2012.

Recent elections have shown us that barring landslide conditions the electoral map is more and more defined by a handful of competitive states in each election known to most of us as battleground or “swing” states. But while certain large battleground territories such as Pennsylvania, Florida, Ohio and Michigan seem to grab most of the headlines it’s a handful of other states that could be viewed as equally important.

Democratic Presidents have been fairly successful since the 1990s. In five elections dating back to 1992 Democrats have received popular vote victories in all but George W. Bush’s narrow reelection win in 2004 over John Kerry. Of course Bush was also the outright victor in 2000 when the Republican Governor controversially defeated then sitting Democratic Vice President Al Gore in the Electoral College despite coming up short in the national popular vote tally.

Cumulatively the Democrats have won the last five elections by 19.37 percentage-points. That breaks down on average to a modest 3.87% margin of victory per-election. Whether it’s fair to assess the current political landscape by analyzing the electorate of years past is debatable. To be fair the success of Democratic President’s Barack Obama and Bill Clinton in certain otherwise GOP strongholds indicates that both the popularity of a specific candidate and the circumstances around an election arguably has as much to do with the end result as that of overall electoral trends. Yet it’s obvious that the Clinton victories of the 90s and the Republican opposition that strengthened around certain parts of the country helped shape the current polarization were are now accustomed to seeing on the electoral map.

Prior to 1992 “blue” states and “red” states, that we have since coined as those leaning heavily in the favor of the Democratic and Republican parties respectively, had no specific association with a region. In 1988 for example Democrat Michael Dukakis came out on the losing end of the national popular vote by 7.71% while taking home just 111-electoral votes against incumbent Vice President George H.W. Bush. Dukakis succeeded in winning eight states that have since gone “blue” in each successive election up through 2008. He also won West Virginia, for good measure, a state that had a strong Democratic tradition through the early-90s but since 2000 has voted heavily in favor of the Republican candidate for President. On the flip side Dukakis also lost four states (California, Connecticut, Maine and Vermont) that have become Democratic strongholds since 1992.

The Clinton-years seem responsible for shifting our current outlook of the electoral map from a state by state analysis to a more regional focus. Including the District of Columbia there are 19-states that have gone for Democratic Presidential candidates in at least five consecutive elections dating back to 1992. In most instances those newly minted “blue” states have done so by comfortable margins. In terms of current electoral distribution those 19-states also add up to 248-votes, or just 22 shy of what is needed to secure the Presidency. No wonder then the campaign focus of modern Democratic candidates has been to secure their own territory while picking up a couple of key battleground or “swing-states” along the way.

Al Gore and John Kerry were unsuccessful in doing so in 2000 or 2004 as George W. Bush and the Republicans blockaded them with heavily supportive districts of their own while protecting territories where the polls were only closely in their favor. The GOP has 13-states that have all gone “red” in their favor since ’92 but that territory only provides them 96-electoral votes. There are 6-states however that have voted Republican for President in four of five elections, bringing that electoral total up to 163-votes. Capturing these 19-states helps the GOP to a clearer path toward electoral victory.

What is left then are 13-states that accumulate the decisive 127-electoral votes that have decided each recent Presidential election. Can we predict the likelihood of future election outcomes by tracking the tendencies of each remaining “swing" state? Just perhaps. Below is a list of each battleground state and its average swing towards one party or the other in the last five Presidential elections. Remember the national average over that period is 3.87 percentage-points in favor of the Democratic Party.

State: Arkansas

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 6

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘96

Republican wins: 2000, ’04, 08

Democratic Margin: - 0.39%

Republican Margin: + 0.39%

National Average: + 4.26% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Leans Republican

Notes: Arkansas voted heavily against then Senator Obama in the last Presidential election and heading into 2012 it should probably be viewed as a safe “red” state for Republicans. Overall the state has just barely favored GOP candidates over the past five Presidential election but has exceeded the national trend favoring Democrats over the time period by better than four percentage-points.

State: Colorado

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 9

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘08

Republican wins: 1996, ’00, ‘04

Democratic Margin: - 0.24%

Republican Margin: + 0.24%

National Average: + 4.11% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Leans Republican

Notes: Colorado hasn’t been decided by double-digits in favor of either party since Ronald Reagan’s landslide victory of 1984. In 2008 Barack Obama won the state’s nine-electoral votes by nearly nine percentage-points. Republicans remain very competitive here however. Overall they have a slight edge since 1992 as the GOP has won there three of five times. Against the national average they also have a Republican leaning tendency.

State: Florida

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 27

Democratic wins: 1996, ‘08

Republican wins: 1992, ’00, ‘04

Democratic Margin: + 1.60%

Republican Margin: - 1.60%

National Average: + 2.27% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Barely Republican

Notes: One of the classic “swing” states is also the most sought after due to its electoral rich 27-votes. Florida was won by Barack Obama in 2008 and by Bill Clinton in 1996 with the Bush’s combining to take the other three. Three of the last five elections have been decided by fewer than three percentage-points in the “Sunshine” State including George W. Bush’s controversial victory there in 2000 that handed him the Presidency.

State: Iowa

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 7

Democratic wins: 1992, ’96, ’00, ‘08

Republican wins: 2004

Democratic Margin: + 5.10%

Republican Margin: - 5.10%

National Average: + 1.23% (DEM)

Electoral Designation: Barely Democrat

Notes: Iowa has actually gone “blue” for Democrats in four of the past five elections as well as for Michael Dukakis in 1988. It retains its designation as a battleground state because its margin of victory in some of these elections has been razor thin, although Obama did carry it by nearly ten-points in 2008. Iowa leans only slightly to the Democratic left after it’s compared to the party’s national average of late.

State: Kentucky

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 8

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘96

Republican wins: 2000, ’04, 08

Democratic Margin: - 9.41%

Republican Margin: + 9.41%

National Average: + 13.28% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Solid Republican

Notes: Kentucky makes our list of battleground states by way of Bill Clinton’s narrow victories there in 1992 and ’96. Since that time the state has gone for Republican candidates by wide margins and heads into 2012 as a dependable state for the GOP. In the instance of a southern Democratic running for office, as Bill Clinton was in the early-90s or based off of Jimmy Carter’s success in 1976 and ’80, Kentucky could still be competitive.

State: Louisiana

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 9

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘96

Republican wins: 2000, ’04, 08

Democratic Margin: - 4.83%

Republican Margin: + 4.83%

National Average: + 8.70% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Likely Republican

Notes: Similar to Kentucky the state of Louisiana has been drifting aimlessly away from the Democrats since 1996 after two successive victories by Bill Clinton. President Obama got beat up there in 2008 as did John Kerry four years earlier. Statistically Louisiana is still somewhat in play for the Democrats but it would probably take a popular moderate southerner to turn it from “red” to “blue” anytime in the near future.

State: Missouri

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 11

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘96

Republican wins: 2000, ’04, 08

Democratic Margin: + 1.16%

Republican Margin: - 1.16%

National Average: + 2.71% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Leans Republican

Notes: Missouri lost its bellwether status after voting for losing Republican candidate John McCain by less than 4,000 votes in 2008. This was in spite of the fact that Barack Obama won the national popular vote by well over seven percentage-points. Such a loss has to give Democrats some pause heading in 2012. However their overall performance in the “Show Me” state over the past five elections still makes this highly competitive territory.

State: Nevada

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 6

Democratic wins: 1992, ’96, ‘08

Republican wins: 2000, ‘04

Democratic Margin: +2.00%

Republican Margin: - 2.00%

National Average: + 1.87% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Barely Republican

Notes: In 2008 President Obama ended several years of close elections by dominating John McCain in Nevada. His 12.5% victory in the state has it trending toward the Democrats come 2012. Bill Clinton won closely here in the 90s and George W. Bush did so as well in the 2000s. Its close margin that slightly favors the Democrats in recent election is a wash when based against their national averages over that period giving the GOP the narrow edge.

State: New Hampshire

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 4

Democratic wins:

Republican wins: 2000

Democratic Margin: + 4.18%

Republican Margin: - 4.18%

National Average: + 0.31 (DEM)

Electoral Designation: Toss-Up

Notes: New Hampshire is included on our list of key “swing” states despite the fact that it has gone “blue” for Democratic candidates in four of five elections since 1992. No candidate since that time has won the state by more than ten percentage-points and New Hampshire continues to be the only true battleground state in New England. Obama won here easily in 2008 but all arrows point to another close race in 2012.

State: New Mexico

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 5

Democratic wins: 1992, ’96, ’00, ‘08

Republican wins: 2004

Democratic Margin: + 6.06

Republican Margin: - 6.06%

National Average: + 2.19% (DEM)

Electoral Designation: Barely Democratic

Notes: Barack Obama’s landslide victory over John McCain in New Mexico in 2008 of more than fifteen percentage-points belies a competitive modern history here. Bill Clinton won the state twice in 90s by modest margins but New Mexico was decided by just 366-votes in 2000 and fewer than 6,000 votes in 2004. Democrats have done well here overall in recent years but New Mexico is still very much up for grabs.

State: Ohio

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 20

Democratic wins: 1992, ’96, ‘08

Republican wins: 2000, ‘04

Democratic Margin: + 1.43%

Republican Margin: - 1.43%

National Average: + 2.44% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Barely Republican

Notes: Since 1964 no candidate has won the office of President without carrying the state of Ohio. The “Buckeye” State has been decided by no more than 6.36 percentage-points since 1992 and was a key victory in George W. Bush’s election wins in 2000 and 2004. Still Democrats have done well in Ohio winning it in three of the past dive Presidential elections. They are slightly ahead of the Republicans in margin of victory over that period and slightly behind them when balanced against their national averages.

State: Tennessee

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 11

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘96

Republican wins: 2000, ’04, 08

Democratic Margin: - 5.23%

Republican Margin: + 5.23%

National Average: + 9.10% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Likely Republican

Notes: Tennessee is one of a handful of southern states that continues to drift away from Democratic candidates in recent years. Barack Obama faired worse here in 2008 than John Kerry did in 2004 despite winning the national vote by a comfortable margin. Tennessee was Al Gore’s home state but that didn’t keep him from suffering a somewhat embarrassing defeat in 2000. As Vice President he faired somewhat better there in 1992 and ’96 along side of Bill Clinton.

State: West Virginia

Electoral Votes (2000 census): 5

Democratic wins: 1992, ‘96

Republican wins: 2000, ’04, 08

Democratic Margin: - 0.90%

Republican Margin: + 0.90%

National Average: + 4.77% (GOP)

Electoral Designation: Leans Republican

Notes: Between 1932 and 1996 West Virginia went for a Democratic candidate for President in all but three elections. On the backend of the era it went strongly for southerner Bill Clinton. Starting in 2000 though the state began trending heavily to the right and is now considered a likely Republican pickup for 2012. Barack Obama lost her by over thirteen-points in 2008 although recent history points to West Virginia still being obtainable for the Democrats moving forward.